PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck two times late to take a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.